Teaching Resources

Quotations

“[Sustainability] should be in school education, where you should have something like cooking classes and garden classes and maybe getting people back to their food and to their daily food again

it would be really great to have from the first grade on maybe, I don’t know, just one or two hours a week for the kids, how to grow their own veggies, how to make simple meals and where does it come from. Especially for kids in the city.” (Sebastian Junge)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

benchmark (noun): something that serves as a standard by which others may be measured or judged

commodity (noun): an economic good: such as a product of agriculture or mining

conviction (noun): a strong persuasion or belief

environment (noun): the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded

ethical (adjective): of or relating to ethics

ethics (noun): a set of moral principles : a theory or system of moral values

passion (noun): a strong liking or desire for or devotion to some activity, object, or concept

sustainable (adjective): of, relating to, or being a method of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not depleted or permanently damaged

Special Vocabulary

banquet (noun): a sumptuous feast, especially : an elaborate and often ceremonious meal for numerous people often in honor of a person

can (verb): to put in a can : preserve by sealing in airtight cans or jars

dairy (none): food (such as ice cream, cheese, or yogurt) made primarily of or from milk

offal (noun): the waste or by-product of a process: such as the viscera and trimmings of a butchered animal removed in preparing it for market or for consumption

produce (noun): agricultural products and especially fresh fruits and vegetables as distinguished from grain and other staple crops

regional (adjective): of, relating to, characteristic of, or serving a region

slow food (noun): food that is produced or prepared in accordance with local culinary traditions, typically using high-quality locally sourced ingredients

seasonal (adjective): of, relating to, or varying in occurrence according to the season

Discussion Questions

1) Do you believe it’s possible to live your day to day live maintaining absolute sustainability?

2) What has to happen to make society consider the origin of its food the impact of it on the environment? 

3) Would you grow your own food if you could?

4) Out of companies, governments and consumers, who holds most of the responsibility when it comes to how sustainable we live?

Quotations

„Because of the covid times I have found that everything now virtual has meant pivoting programming and workshops into the virtual space and that has been a lot of strategy because when I am working with younger children you run into safe space, what is child protective measures online, how many facilitators have to be in the room. So really looking at that and then also with international students, what are the time zones they’re in.” (Megan)

„A lot of [the kids] returned to the US and talking about that transition back to the us a lot of them it was abrupt it was very unexpected and working through what does it mean for my identity what does that mean for belonging, what does that mean for grief? Those are some of the big factors for very much globally mobile families.“ (Megan)

„There are a lot of complex things to consider. One is relationships. There is a lot of relational loss and gains for globally mobile families. So, if you think of the third culture kids, they have their nuclear family, but when moving they are losing their relationship with class mates with their friends with their neighbors and even if they’re involved in the community. It could be sports or a place of worship. A lot of questions center around this idea of „How do you belong?“ and „How do you build community?“ and „How do you sustain relationships long distance?““ (Megan)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

Adapt (verb): to make fit (as for a new use) often by modification

community (noun): a unified body of individuals: such as

a: the people with common interests living in a particular area broadly: the area itself

b: a group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society

culture (noun): the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group

also: the characteristic features of everyday existence (such as diversions or a way of life) shared by people in a place or time

Intercultural (adjective): occurring between or involving two or more cultures

intricate (adjective): having many complexly interrelating parts or elements

nuclear family: a family group that consists only of parents and children

Special Vocabulary

demographic (noun): demographics plural: the statistical characteristics of human populations (such as age or income) used especially to identify markets

expatriate (noun): a person who lives in a foreign country

mentor (noun): a trusted counselor or guide

refugee (noun): one that flees

especially: a person who flees to a foreign country or power to escape danger or persecution

Discussion Questions

1) Is the feeling of home and belonging strictly tied to one location or do you think it can be carried with you when leaving for another country?

2) Would you want to work in a job that requires you to leave the country for long periods while also having a family?

3) You are a diplomat and you have to leave for a year, but your family does not want to go with you. How would you make it work?

4) When abroad, where is the balance between embracing another countries culture and traditions to fit in and maintaining your own? 

Quotations

“The way [we] look at life – you know, we are [such] spontaneous people – so, we don´t have this 2-year plan, that we have dinner with our grandma in two years or something. You get invitations for weddings like two to three weeks prior to the event. It might even be in the same week.” (Lasha Kerdikashvili, 00:24:00).

“We are always very kind of gender neutral. So, we don´t have male, and female, or neutral, just one gender.” (Lasha Kerdikashvili, 00:05:10).

“When I think back to my childhood, I remember it as a very good time. Like, many people talk about their childhood in Georgia, [and] they think of the Soviet Union, and [of] poor times, how they didn´t have anything to eat and stuff. But even though we didn´t have electricity most of the time, we didn´t have warm water, we didn´t have heating at school, I still remember it as a very good experience.” (Teona Shanidze, 00:05:40).

“Kind of living together somehow, because more or less everybody suffers from the same economic and social problems, and that´s the way [we] could exchange and motivate each other.” (Lasha Kerdikashvili, 00:16:40).

“My heart now beats for Germany and Georgia.” (Lasha Kerdikashvili, 00:42:00).

“I am not a typical Georgian, [and] I won´t become a typical German. I think I will always be in between.” (Lasha Kerdikashvili, 00:44:00).

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

Privileged (adjective): having or enjoying one or more privileges; not subject to the usual rules or penalties because of some special circumstance

Consonant (noun): one of a class of speech sounds (such as \p\, \g\, \n\, \l\, \s\, \r\) characterized by constriction or closure at one or more points in the breath channel

Monetary (adjective): of or relating to money or to the mechanisms by which it is supplied to and circulates in the economy

Ration (noun): a food allowance for one day

Crust (noun): the hardened exterior or surface part of bread

Outgoing (adjective): openly friendly and responsive

Subculture (noun): an ethnic, regional, economic, or social group exhibiting characteristic patterns of behavior sufficient to distinguish it from others within an embracing culture or society

tease (verb): to make fun of,to disturb or annoy by persistent irritating or provoking especially in a petty or mischievous way

superlative (adjective): of, relating to, or constituting the degree of grammatical comparison that denotes an extreme or unsurpassed level or extent

business administration (noun): a program of studies in a college or university providing general knowledge of business principles and practices

Special Vocabulary

akzentfrei (adjective): accentless; accent (noun): a way of speaking typical of a particular group of people and especially of the natives or residents of a region

Sprachdiplomschule (noun): an institution of higher learning providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees

  Diploma (noun): a document bearing record of graduation from or of a degree conferred by an educational institution

  Sprach(e) (noun): the words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a community

Schule (noun): an organization that provides instruction: such as

a: an institution for the teaching of children

b: COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY

Kerosene (noun): a flammable hydrocarbon oil usually obtained by distillation of petroleum and used as a fuel, solvent, and thinner

Food stamp (noun): a government-issued coupon that is sold at little cost or given to low-income persons and is redeemable for food

Mkhedruli (noun): Georgina script,a set of letters or other characters with which one or more languages are written especially if arranged in a customary order

Asomtavruli (noun): Georgian script, a set of letters or other characters with which one or more languages are written especially if arranged in a customary order

Nuskhuri (noun): Georgian script,a set of letters or other characters with which one or more languages are written especially if arranged in a customary order

Discussion Questions

1) What did you know about Georgia before listening to this episode? Have you ever been there? If yes, how did you experience Georgia? If no, would you travel there after listening to the episode?

2) Do you think that everyone who can identify with more than one culture experiences some sort of cultural crisis?

3) How do you perceive your own childhood? What differences are there between the way you grew up in your country and the way Teona and Lasha grew up in Georgia?

4) How is Georgian lifestyle differ from your own? What stood out the most? What aspects of the two lifestyles are the same, or at least comparable?

5) What parts of this episode did you find most interesting? Why? Is there anything about Georgia that surprised you?

Quotations

“To me Texas means something else. Texas means independence and self-reliance.” (Darion Akins, 00:02:00)

“Even the person that we look at and kind of say, ‘you know, we don´t really agree with you – you kind of seem a little bit …,’ we don´t stop that person from presuming that life unless they interfere or harm someone else. So that person that goes off and thinks a little bit differently may also end up, ya know inventing something and starting a new company or so. Because that person has ideas that other people just didn´t have.” (Darion Akins, 00:04:30)

“I truly feel that language is for communication, so I … my goal is you understand me, I understand you. I am not so concerned about how I sound or if I used the perfect word or if I can speak that person’s language fluently. Although I feel self-conscious about that and would love to be able to speak every language as fluently as a native speaker.” (Darion Akins, 00:15:20)

“There is two things that I learned from this experience. One is, you can misunderstand people. I tend to think people are basically good at heart and so when something negative happens it is not necessarily intended. I think in most cases it is completely unintentional. And so, you have to go on tis journey to discover what it is. Why? What is going on there? And when you take the time to do that, people will actually appreciate because you then will be able to“ I think I know what your point of view is.”” (Darion Akins, 00:27:20)

“It really is, that you have to put the work in to understand the other persons point of view.” (Darion Akins, 00:35:00)

“My experience in Northern Germany is that initially you have a wall. Initially it is the opposite. Sort of “No, who are you, what do you want?” I had this experience with neighbours, with people in the streets, with colleagues etc. and then once you are in, once you are friends, you are truly friends. And I think that friendship, this is just my personal opinion, around the world is the same.” (Dr. J, 00:38:00)

“More than anything that kind of illustrates my experience of language and culture. How we can be talking about the same thing and perceive it and conceive it in very different ways.” (Darion Akins, 01:12:50)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

Consul general (noun): a consul of the first rank stationed in an important place or having jurisdiction in several places or over several consuls

Contradicting (verb): implying, causing, or being a contradiction

Elaborate (verb): planned or carried out with great care; marked by complexity, fullness of detail, or ornateness

self-reliance (noun): reliance on one’s own efforts and abilities

foundation (noun): a basis (such as a tenet, principle, or axiom) upon which something stands or is supported

interfere (verb): to interpose in a way that hinders or impedes : come into collision or be in opposition

mindset (noun): mental attitude or inclination

prejudice (noun): preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge

superficial (adjective): concerned only with the obvious or apparent;  seen on the surface; presenting only an appearance without substance or significance

residence (noun): the place where one actually lives as distinguished from one’s domicile or a place of temporary sojourn

bridge (verb): to make a bridge over or across

disparity (noun): a noticeable and usually significant difference or dissimilarity

implication (noun): close connection

implement (verb): to give practical effect to and ensure of actual fulfilment by concrete measures

Special Vocabulary

Nyanja (noun): a Bantu language of the Nyanja people

Chaperone (noun): a person (such as a matron) who for propriety (see PROPRIETY sense 2) accompanies one or more young unmarried women in public or in mixed company

peace corps (noun): a body of trained personnel sent as volunteers especially to assist underdeveloped nations

ambassador (noun): an official envoy, especially: a diplomatic agent of the highest rank accredited to a foreign government or sovereign as the resident representative of his or her own government or sovereign or appointed for a special and often temporary diplomatic assignment

recess (noun): a suspension of business or procedure often for rest or relaxation

diplomat (noun): one employed or skilled in diplomacy

Discussion Questions

1) In your opinion, what is the main purpose of language beyond just basic communication?

2) How can language and culture bridge gaps?

3) Do you think it is important to leave your comfort zone and experience other cultures? If so, what important experiences did you make yourself?

4) What is your experience with getting to know and befriending people from other countries and cultures? How does your inner and outer self differ?

Quotations

“The complications with the lily of the valley go even farther. For example, the flower cannot be picked in rain. Once picked, one drop of water on top of the plant can mean that it is destroyed. So, if it happens to be raining when the flowers need to be picked, extreme measures have to be taken to protect the flower. Tents are build, tarps are pulled, anything and everything to try and make sure the flower does not get wet. “ (Dr. J)

“So, I asked about greenhouses and whether it would be easier to grow lily of the valley inside, under controlled conditions. The answer is yes, and no. Yes, it is possible. But no, it is not the French way!” (Dr. J)

“And I have to take a second to comment on this, because this is so wonderfully French to me. Think about the French savoir vivre. Think about why that French cheese or that French wine or baguette tastes so incredible. Or think about that one piece of clothing from a certain French designer … What I mean is that in France I have the feeling that certain traditions, ways of life, rituals, be it more special such as the offering of a bouquet of lily of the valley on May 1^st or something that is done on a more regular, even daily basis, there is great attention spent on detail, there is an effort made… value is placed on the time spent, on the gesture, on the delicacy, the beauty…” (Dr. J)

“One of the things that has also been associated with the lily of the valley, is that, on May 1^st, it can be sold by anyone … anywhere … without a license … and without having to pay any taxes on the profit made. And apparently, many organizations, associations and political parties, including the communist party have always used the sale of lily of the valley on May 1^st to up their yearly budget.

But individuals, young people, even kids often buy some lily of the valley and make their own little bouquets, to sell them in the streets for a bit of pocket money.” (Dr. J)

“Language gets complicated sometimes, because, as you could see, rusé has a positive connotation in French, but the word ruse, which comes from rusé indicates the negative connotation in English.” (Dr. J)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

blossom (verb): to produce or yield flowers

bouquet (noun): flowers picked and fastened together in a bunch

charlatan (noun): one making usually showy pretenses to knowledge or ability

connotation (noun): something suggested by a word or thing

cultivate (verb): to prepare or prepare and use for the raising of crops

deceitful (adjective): having a tendency or disposition to deceive or give false impressions

delicate (adjective): easily torn or damaged

dormancy (noun): the quality or state of being dormant

entrepreneurial (adjective): having to do with the creation and development of economic ventures : of, relating to, characteristic of, or suited to an entrepreneur

fundraiser (noun): a social event (such as a cocktail party) held for the purpose of raising funds

fragile (adjective): easily broken or destroyed

grueling (adjective): trying or taxing to the point of exhaustion

horticulturalist (noun): a person whose work involves growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants

mayflower (noun): any of various spring-blooming plants

partial (adjective): of or relating to a part rather than the whole / not general or total

proximity (noun): the quality or state of being proximate 

resourceful (adjective): able to meet situations /capable of devising ways and means

rusé (noun):a wily subterfuge

scheming (adjective): given to forming schemes

seamstresses (noun): a woman whose occupation is sewing

subjugated (verb):to bring under control and governance as a subject

throw (someone) a curve/curveball (idiom): to present (someone) with a difficult and unexpected problem, situation, question, etc.

wilt (verb):to lose turgor from lack of water

Discussion Questions

1) Why would such a fragile flower represent French Labor Day?

2) Do you know of a flower in your own culture that is strongly associated with a particular holiday or tradition?

3) As discussed in the episode, what are the intricate differences between the terms se débrouiller (verb), la magouille (noun) and rusé(e) (adjective)?

4) How are traditions represented in the episode? What are the positive and negative aspects of following traditions?

5) What did you learn about Nantes?

Quotations

“[Psychology] deals with some really nitty-gritty stuff – the good, the bad and the ugly – because it deals with the real authentic self, the humanity. In a way it’s something that really transcends culture, it transcends geographical areas, it transcends, and I want to say, different ethnic groups. Because I don’t believe in the word of ‘it transcends races,’ because, if you use that word, you have got to acknowledge that there are different races, which I don’t buy into; it’s something I don’t adhere to. It does transcend, because irrespective of where we were born, how we were raised, what we believe in, most of us have basic needs, needs for connection, a need for belonging.” (Rona Linde)

“We are still in the process of reestablishing and sorting out what is this identity, because, with a system like apartheid, you were given an identity, you could not have a choice. And our work now [is] figuring out: Okay, so this is who I want to be in this context of being ‘colored.’ And what does it mean to be a Cape colored psychologist? It’s grappling with the same stuff really, but I think [it’s] understanding a bit more deeply, where the search comes from. And what’s good and [what’s] not helpful in the search for identity.”  (Rona Linde)

“As a psychologist, I believe we are all the same. We all have [certain] intrinsic needs, and all those needs, we want to have [met] in certain ways, and that’s the commonality all of us have. At the same time – wow, isn’t life rich, that we sometimes do have people that have the same values as us, have the same needs, but they speak a fantastic different language; how they interpret things is different to you, and that’s just exciting. It kind of refreshes your perspective. It makes life never boring. It’s constant excitement.” (Rona Linde)

“At the end of the day, you can have all the best skills. You can be trained [, but] it comes down to humanity.” (Rona Linde)

“I am a psychologist, and my role here is to provide a service. I don’t believe my role is any different than a hairdresser, [… or] a baker. I provide a service and that service is to offer support and help someone on their journey.”  (Rona Linde)

“There are certain things that you do, that are considered part of the Maori world, and it’s a sign of respect and it’s about making everyone feel inclusive. Also […] it’s when people introduce themselves for the first time, you don’t just introduce yourself by your name and surname, like we did in this podcast. [Instead,] you would introduce yourself and your parents, your ancestors, and you would talk about where you came from, and how you came to New Zealand. So it’s a real introduction to you, as a person.” (Rona Linde)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

acknowledge (verb): to recognize as genuine or valid

adhere (verb): to give support or maintain loyalty

backtrack (verb): to retrace one’s course

banter (verb): to speak to or address in a witty and teasing manner

bearing in mind: to think of (something) especially as a warning :

bicultural (adjective): of, relating to, or including two distinct cultures

clinician (noun): a person qualified in the clinical practice of medicine, psychiatry, or psychology as distinguished from one specializing in laboratory or research techniques or in theory

collaborate (verb): to work jointly with others or together especially in an intellectual endeavor

conceptualize (verb): to form a concept of (concept (noun): an abstract or generic idea generalized from particular instances)

contrived (adjective): having an unnatural or false appearance or quality

converse (adjective): reversed in order, relation, or action

couple (verb): to join for combined effect

dissatisfaction (noun); dissatisfied (adjective): expressing or showing lack of satisfaction : not pleased or satisfied

dissipate (verb): to cause to spread thin or scatter and gradually vanish

embedded (adjective): enclosed closely in or as if in a matrix : set firmly into a mass or material

embolden (verb): to impart boldness or courage to : to instill with boldness, courage, or resolution enough to overcome timidity or misgiving

empathize (verb): empathy (noun): : the action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another of either the past or present without having the feelings, thoughts, and experience fully communicated in an objectively explicit manner

ethical (adjective): conforming to accepted standards of conduct

faux pas (noun): a significant or embarrassing error or mistake (also: blunder)

grassroots (adjective): basic / fundamental

grief (noun): deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement

heavy (adjective): difficult to bear (specifically : causing or characterized by severe pain or suffering)

interpreter (noun): one who translates orally for parties conversing in different languages

Kiwi (noun): a native or resident of New Zealand —used as a nickname

leitmotif  (noun): a dominant recurring theme

lengthy (adjective): protracted excessively (also: overlong)

nitty-gritty (noun/ also: adjective): what is essential and basic

preventative (adjective): devoted to or concerned with preventing something from happening prevent (verb): to keep from happening or existing

risk-averse (adjective): having an active feeling of repugnance, dislike, or distaste 

scope (noun): space or opportunity for unhampered motion, activity, or thought

superficial (adjective): concerned only with the obvious or apparent (also: shallow)

township (noun): an area in the Republic of South Africa that was segregated under apartheid for occupation by persons of non-European descent

transcend (verb): to rise above or extend notably beyond ordinary limits

Wanderlust (noun): strong longing for or impulse toward wandering

Discussion Questions

1) Do you think a country with a diverse, multicultural population has disadvantages compared to a more “homogenous” society?

2) Do you think it’s possible for South Africa to fully recover from the effects of Apartheid and institutionalized racism, or are these too deeply entrenched in the social fabric of the nation?

3) Do you think bicultural societies, such as New Zealand, have succeeded in creating an equal and just society for all ethnic groups?

4) Can a society have too many official languages? And, at what point would the concept of “official” language become obsolete (because it included too many languages)?

5) Do you think the term “race / racism” is racist in and of itself, or do you think it doesn’t actually refer to there being different races of human beings, but rather to a more broad term for “ethnicity / ethnic group?”

From Stem Cell Research to Biotechnology

Listen to the episode here!

Quotations

“When I think about India, one of the things that always comes to my mind [is] this encounter that I had with a maid, who worked at a guest house I stayed in when I first moved there. […] She was probably 4’ 10’’ or definitely under 5 feet tall, and she didn’t speak a word of English. I didn’t speak any Tamil, but she was always really, really friendly and just liked me. And one day, she invited me to come over to her house for lunch – through a translator she invited me. […] And then, a little while later, we sit down on the bed, which they converted into a table […] and she puts a plate of chicken and rice in front of me. And then like 10 people in the family are standing up around me, looking at me, and nobody speaks English. So, they’re all staring at me, and she starts picking up pieces of food with her hand and feeding me in my mouth, like I was like a bird, a little baby bird. And that was what lunch was like. (Jane Hermstedt)

“In Japan, for example, one thing that was really interesting for me was being there as a woman. That was the first place, like I said, as an adult that I’d lived abroad. In France I was a student, so it felt different, but in Japan seeing these advertisements, specifically, openly, blatantly calling out age and beauty. ‘Attractive’ would be in the jobs advertisements. And then showing up at these companies and seeing the female teachers pouring tea for their male peers and being expected to do all the administrative stuff for their peers, was really interesting. I think you see your own culture when you step outside of it, and so it was eye opening to see what some of these people didn’t have.” (Jane Hermstedt)

“Our family in Kansas is very small and I have never heard my parents talk about our family honor […] But for this [Albanian] woman, that was the whole focus. By having a lover in this town, she had shamed the family. [The] penance or acknowledgement of that was laying low, helping the family and the village, working in the house. And you know, again, it’s like a mirror of your own culture, living in these other places. Why don’t we talk about honor? [It’]s an interesting difference” (Jane Hermstedt)

“In the United Arab Emirates there was a legal requirement, at least at the time, that 75% of managerial positions in a national company had to be held by Emiratis. So then, you would have the situation, where a 22 year old, fresh college graduate was supposed to be leading a team with Pakistani and Indian workers who knew the job inside and out, had been with the company since 1978, had had all sorts of positions, and knew a lot more. And that is a really difficult situation to be in as a new manager. And so, my job was to help train them and get them ready, because their tendency would be to come in very authoritarian.” (Jane Hermstedt)

“I used to teach content on conflict management and I had a Pakistani man, who had been in several of my classes, and we were always friendly. He was one of these people that had been with the company for 30 years and sort of knew everything. He came up to me after one of my classes and asked if he could talk to me, and he looked kind of upset. We had talked about personal versus positional authority and how, as a leader, it is much more effective to rely on personal authority – where people follow you because they want to – and not your positional authority – where they follow you because they report to you. And he said that he had this epiphany in the class, where he thought about how he had been completely estranged from his eldest son in Pakistan, because he realized that he had, for years, relied on his positional authority as the patriarch of the family, expecting his son to do certain things, because he told him so as the father / the patriarch; and that he realized that he hadn’t been developing his personal authority. And so we’re in the hallway, and he is crying, and he says to me, ‘maybe it’s not too late.’ And I was like, “of course it’s not too late!” And we had this amazing conversation, and he ended up reaching out to his son who had had a baby, that he never met…” (Jane Hermstedt)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

agriculture (noun): the science, art, or practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock and in varying degrees the preparation and marketing of the resulting products

authoritarian (adjective): of, relating to, or favoring blind submission to authority

chisel (verb): to cut or work with or as if with a chisel

chisel (noun): a metal tool with a sharpened edge at one end used to chip, carve, or cut into a solid material (such as wood, stone, or metal)

dehumanizing (adjective): depriving someone of human qualities, personality, or dignity : demeaning or damaging to a person’s humanity or individuality

encompass (verb): include, comprehend

epiphany (noun): an appearance or manifestation especially of a divine being

equate (verb): to treat, represent, or regard as equal, equivalent, or comparable

estranged (adjective): having lost former closeness and affection : in a state of alienation from a previous close or familial relationship

expatriate (noun): a person who lives in a foreign country

fealty (noun): intense fidelity

fidelity (noun): the quality or state of being faithful

forge (verb): to form or bring into being especially by an expenditure of effort

include (verb): to take in or comprise as a part of a whole or group

comprehend (verb): to grasp the nature, significance, or meaning of

intermittent (adjective): coming and going at intervals : not continuous

impose (verb): to establish or apply by authority

manifest (verb): to make evident or certain by showing or displaying

Mapuche (noun): an American Indian people of southern Chile

mortification (noun): the subjection and denial of bodily passions and appetites by abstinence or self-inflicted pain or discomfort

ostentatious (adjective): attracting or seeking to attract attention, admiration, or envy often by gaudiness or obviousness : overly elaborate or conspicuous : characterized by, fond of, or evincing ostentation

parading (verb): to exhibit ostentatiously

patriarchy (noun): social organization marked by the supremacy of the father in the clan or family, the legal dependence of wives and children, and the reckoning of descent and inheritance in the male line

penance (noun): an act of self-abasement, mortification, or devotion performed to show sorrow or repentance for sin

self-abasement (noun): a humiliation of oneself : the act of behaving in a way that makes one seem lower or less deserving of respect

Tamil (noun): a Tamil-speaking person or a descendant of Tamil-speaking ancestors; (Tamil is a Dravidian language of Tamil Nadu state, India, and of northern and eastern Sri Lanka.)

trajectory (noun): a path, progression, or line of development resembling a physical trajectory

value system (noun): the system of established values, norms, or goals existing in a society

viable (adjective): capable of working, functioning, or developing adequately

Discussion Questions

Quotations

“Wine has always been for sharing, for friendship and for immediate pleasure.” (Domaine Luneau-Papin)

“[Pierre Luneau] also spoke of the value of these wines as a collector’s item, which he found legitimate, but a little bit, let’s say sad, since wine is meant to be consumed and enjoyed and shared.” (Dr. J)

“[Pierre Luneau] also warned against publicity scams and wines being overpriced for no reason. He had great advice for students on a budget, urging them to seek out individual wine makers and caves and perhaps smaller wine dealers with more knowledge of the wines, and the ability to pre-select even wines that are perfectly affordable.” (Dr. J)

“It seems to me that the French just develop a sense for which wine goes well with what, and how to match a meal to a wine from childhood, which I think is a skill that certainly gives some spice to life.” (Dr. J)

“On their trip to Japan, Pierre and Monique Luneau met a sushi chef, […] who believed that the Domaine Luneau-Papin Muscadets were the perfect wine to accompany his sushi creations.” (Dr. J)

“Pierre Luneau talked about funny marriages, or daring ones as well. And here, he mentioned, for example, matching oysters with a red wine. This is done often in the Arcachon region. Of course, this is a particularly painful marriage to observe for Pierre Luneau, since the Muscadet is reputed as the perfect wine to go with oysters. So Pierre Luneau laughed about how the restaurants in the Arcachon region add a small sausage to go with the oysters, to justify their choice of a red wine.” (Dr. J)

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

acidity (noun): the quality, state, or degree of being acid

adore (verb): to be very fond of

appreciation (noun): a feeling or expression of admiration, approval, or gratitude

connoisseur (noun): one who understands the details, technique, or principles of an art and is competent to act as a critical judge

elitist (noun): one who is an adherent of elitism : one whose attitudes and beliefs are biased in favor of a socially elite class of people

favor (verb): to afford advantages for success to

ferment (verb): to undergo fermentation

fermentation (noun): an enzymatically controlled anaerobic breakdown of an energy-rich compound (such as a carbohydrate to carbon dioxide and alcohol or to an organic acid)

fond (adjective): cherished with great affection 

intricate (adjective): having many complexly interrelating parts or elements

mullet (noun): any of a family (Mugilidae) of chiefly marine bony fishes with an elongate rather stout body

nostalgic (adjective): longing for or thinking fondly of a past time or condition

paternal (adjective): related through one’s father

pipette (noun): a small piece of apparatus which typically consists of a narrow tube into which fluid is drawn by suction (as for dispensing or measurement) and retained by closing the upper end

Riesling (noun): a white wine that ranges from dry to very sweet and is made from a single variety of grape originally grown in Germany

sommelier (noun): a waiter in a restaurant who has charge of wines and their service : a wine steward

vineyard (noun): a planting of grapevineszest (noun): an enjoyably exciting quality

Discussion Questions

1) What did you know about Muscadet before listening to this episode? Have you ever had a glass of Muscadet? If yes, when and where? If not, will you now?

2) How carefully do you match your wine to your meal?

3) Do you think that using a screw cap can alter a wine’s quality and taste noticeably? Do you prefer wines bottled with an actual cork?

4) How essential are wineries to southern European cultures?

5) Would you buy your wine from a smaller wine dealer who could give you better advice and service, even if it meant that the wine cost more than at the supermarket?

6) Do you think it is problematic for Europeans to purchase wine from Australia or California, when they have the option to buy locally? Vice versa, is it problematic for Australians or Americans to buy European wines, when they have wines available from their regions?

Quotations

“Each individual has their own way of identifying themselves. [T]here are 60 million versions of what it means to be Hispanic / Latino in the United States.”

“Spanish is part of the American identity, it is an American language.”

“1 in 5 Medal of Honor recipients have been immigrants.”

“I never questioned [my American] identity, to be honest. Having been born here, having been raised here; I am really proud of it.

“I don´t think I really fully appreciated my ‘American’ identity, until the first time I visited Europe. […] And I had a little test for myself, I wanted to see how long I could go, without missing something about the U.S. My test was the ‘Hamburger Test.’ After spending 3 weeks [in Spain], I finally broke down. […] We walked past a Burger King and I said, ‘I have to have a hamburger.’”

Vocabulary

Source: Merriam Webster online dictionary (www.merriam-webster.com)

General Vocabulary

Anchor Baby (noun): a baby who is born in a country that gives all babies born there the right of citizenship, but whose parents are not citizens and do not have the right to live there (Cambridge Dictionary)

bilingualism (noun):  the ability to speak two languages

civil society; also civilization (noun): a relatively high level of cultural and technological development

cognizant (adjective): knowledgeable of something especially through personal experience (also: mindful)

Cub Scouts (noun): a member of the scouting program of the Boy Scouts for boys in the first through fifth grades in school

cultural intricacies; intricate (adjective): having many complexly interrelating parts or elements 

delicacy (noun): something pleasing to eat that is considered rare or luxurious

derogatory (adjective):  expressive of a low opinion (E.g. a derogatory term)

diluted (adjective): weakened or thinned by or as if by having been mixed with something else (such as water)

dissuade (verb):  to advise (a person) against something

diversity (noun): the condition of having or being composed of differing elements.

fortified (adjective): made stronger or more secure (E.g. a fortified city)

Hispanophobia; phobia (noun): an exaggerated usually inexplicable and illogical fear of a particular object, class of objects, or situation

influx (noun):  a coming in (E.g. an influx of tourists)

Medal of Honor (noun phrase): a U.S. military decoration awarded in the name of the Congress for conspicuous intrepidity at the risk of life in action with an enemy.

persuasion (noun): an opinion held with complete assurance (E.g. Religious persuasion)

pinto bean (noun): a mottled kidney bean that is grown for food and for stock feed; mottled (adjective): marked with spots of different color.

reserve (noun): something reserved or set aside for a particular purpose, use, or reason

stigma (noun):  a mark of shame or discredit

Discussion Questions

1) What is your perception of world-wide migration over the last decade as compared to the 2-3 decades prior. Has it increased?

2) Has the media coverage over the past years changed the public perception of immigration to the US?

3) Should certain “loop holes” in US immigration policy be fixed to prevent system abuse?

4) Is illegal immigration a crime that should be punished or an offense that should not be persecuted at all?

5) Are you in favor of defensive measures being implemented/ extended at the border (for example at the southern border wall)? How efficient can these measures be in preventing people from immigrating illegally or importing illegal goods?

Citations

„Il faut savoir que le muguet en France … Le jour du 1. mai et la Fête du Travail. L’habitude est d’offrir un brun de muguet à son entourage pour fêter le bonheur. Le muguet symbolise le bonheur.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„C’est une tradition exclusivement française. On ne la voit pas dans d’autres pays. Le muguet en France, il ne se vende pas en dehors de ce jour-là. On ne voit pas le muguet donc chez le fleuriste en dehors de cette journée-là.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„La particularité de ce jour-là c’est que n’importe qui peut vendre du muguet. Il n’y a pas de déclaration à faire. C’est une vente libre.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„La tradition de la fleur de muguet, ça a commencé au début du siècle dernier. Les grands couturiers français offraient un brun de muguet à leurs employés.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„En quatre / cinq jours tout est cueillit pour expédier. C’est une fleur qui est quand même très fragile, qui ne dure pas longtemps.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„Comme c’est une fleur qui est très symbolique pour le premier mai … si ça ne dure qu’une journée, les gens sont satisfaits, parce que le symbole est là.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„Jules Verne est né à Nantes. Ça dit bien ce que ça veut dire. Mais il n’y a pas que lui qui a pris un bateau un jour pour partir comme ça à l’aventure. Il y en avait bien d’autres avant. Donc le nantais a l’esprit de voyage, de connaissance, parce qu’il est lui-même mitigé.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„Parce qu’après, s’il n’y a plus de tradition, pourquoi voyager, si tout le monde fait pareille?“ (Dr. J)

„C’est le mélange du monde qui fait que ça change. Il ne faut pas vouloir rester figé, enfermé, sans ouvrir, parce que … Ça arrive, qu’il y ait comme ça des régions, des petites régions qui soient très fermées, etc. Mais, ce n’est pas bon. Ils n’évoluent pas.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

„La traditions, si on ne voulait pas la changer, les femmes seraient encore soumises, à ce moment-là. Donc, il faut savoir ce qu’on veut.“ (Jean-Luc Garnier)

Vocabulaire

Source: Larousse Dictionaires (https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/)

adhérent (adjectif): Qui est fixé, fortement attaché à quelque chose, qui colle à quelque chose

à la sauvette (locution adverbiale): Avec hâte et comme si l’on se cachait.

alliance (nom feminin): Union, accord intervenant entre des pays, des personnes

appartenir (verbe transitif): Être à la disposition de quelqu’un, dépendre de lui, se prêter à une quelconque activité de sa part

carrefour (nom masculin): Lieu où se croisent plusieurs rues ou plusieurs routes, généralement aménagé en vue d’éviter les risques de collision, et parfois d’améliorer le débit.

conserverie (nom feminin): Ensemble des techniques de la mise en conserve des aliments.

cueillir (verbe transitif): Détacher une fleur de sa tige, un fruit de sa branche ou un légume de ses racines ; récolter.

débrouillard (adjectif et nom): Familier. Qui sait se débrouiller, se tirer d’embarras, qui obtient tout ce qu’il veut.

débrouiller (verbe transitif): Démêler ce qui est embrouillé, emmêlé 

déclaration (nom feminin): Action de déclarer, de porter à la connaissance du public ; acte, écrit, discours par lequel on fait publiquement une communication 

ébahi (verbe transitif): Jeter quelqu’un dans un vif étonnement, dans la stupéfaction ; stupéfier, abasourdir 

éteindre (verbe transitif): Faire cesser le fonctionnement d’un appareil à gaz, électrique, etc., en interrompant la combustion ou en coupant un circuit électrique 

étonnant (adjectif): Qui frappe l’esprit en suscitant l’admiration par quelque chose d’extraordinaire ; remarquable

être avéré (verbe passif):Être reconnu comme vrai, authentique

faner (verbe transitif): Faire perdre sa fraîcheur à une plante

goutte (nom feminin): Très petite quantité de liquide qui se détache sous forme plus ou moins sphérique : Une goutte de pluie, de sueur.

immatriculation (nom feminin): Inscription obligatoire des commerçants, des sociétés civiles et commerciales et des groupements d’intérêt économique au registre du commerce et des sociétés.

la mâche (nom feminin): Plante (valérianacée) potagère de petite taille, qui se mange en salade.

la magouille (verbe transitif): Se livrer à des magouilles.

la revendication (nom feminin):Action de revendiquer, de réclamer ce qui est dû, l’exercice d’un droit, etc.

les serre (nom feminin): Crête d’interfluve étroite et allongée

libre (adjectif): Qui a le pouvoir d’agir, de se déterminer à sa guise 

liquéfier (verbe transitif): Faire passer un gaz ou un solide à l’état liquide 

magouiller (verbe transitif et verbe intransitif): Populaire. Se livrer à des magouilles.

main (nom feminin): Organe de la préhension et de la sensibilité, muni de cinq doigts, qui constitue l’extrémité des membres supérieurs de l’homme.

les manifestations (nom feminin): Action de manifester, fait de se manifester : Manifestation d’un sentiment.

mitigé (verbe transitif): Littéraire. Édulcorer quelque chose, l’adoucir en y mêlant quelque chose d’autre

muguet (nom masculin): Petite liliacée à rhizome rampant, à deux ou trois feuilles entre lesquelles se dresse une grappe de petites fleurs blanches en clochettes, très parfumées.

mûr (adjectif): Se dit des fruits, des graines complètement développés, en état d’être récoltés

pluvieux (adjectif): Qui est marqué par la pluie

propice (adjectif): Qui est particulièrement bon, favorable à quelqu’un, à quelque chose

renier (verbe transitif): Ne plus reconnaître quelque chose comme sien

repos (nom masculin): Absence de mouvement, immobilité

rusé (adjectif): Qui dénote la ruse 

tirage (nom masculin): Action de tirer, de mouvoir dans tel ou tel sens

usines (nom feminin): Établissement industriel où, à l’aide de machines, s’effectue la transformation des matières premières ou semi-ouvrées en produits finis.

végétatif (adjectif): Se dit des fonctions biologiques assurant le maintien de l’homéostasie interne du corps (respiration, circulation, sécrétions glandulaires, digestion, thermorégulation)

vente (nom feminin): Action de vendre quelque chose, d’échanger une marchandise contre de l’argent.

vivace (adjectif): Se dit d’une plante dont la période de végétation s’étend sur plusieurs années, même lorsque les parties souterraines (organes dits pérennants : rhizomes, bulbe, tubercule, etc.) subsistent seules en hiver.

Questions de discussion

1) Pourquoi une fleur aussi fragile représenterait-elle la fête du travail en France?

2) Connaissez-vous une fleur dans votre propre culture qui est associée à une fête ou à une tradition particulière?

3) Quelles sont les nuances entre les termes se débrouiller (verbe), la magouille (nom) et rusé(e) (adjectif)?

4) Comment les traditions sont-elles représentées dans l’épisode? Quels sont les aspects positifs et négatifs discutés dans l’épisode?

5) Qu’est-ce que l’épisode vous a appris sur Nantes?

Citations

„Le livre le plus emprunté par les prisonniers, c’est un
dictionnaire.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

„Est-ce que vous vous sentez différemment, est-ce qu’il y a une différence en vous-même quand vous parlez anglais, français, allemand ? Est-ce que vous êtes plus à l’aise ? Est-ce que votre voix change ?“ (Dr. J)

„Alors, tout à fait. Ça pour moi c’est vraiment l’aspect le plus intéressant. […] Pourquoi est-ce qu’on aime une langue ? C’est parce qu’on est aussi transformé par cette langue. […] C’est une affaire à la fois physique et intellectuelle. C’est une question de plaisir, de goût.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

„Mais, il y a quelque chose de fondamental. C’est ce qu’on appelle le mimétisme. Vous connaissez l’animal, le caméléon ? Et dans la pratique diplomatique des langues on est très souvent des êtres mimétiques. Je pense que le bon diplomate, enfin le diplomate expérimenté fais ce constat assez rapidement. C’est-à-dire qu’on finit par parler comme les autres.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

„L’école n’est pas le lieu stratégique, fondamental, je pense, pour l’apprentissage des langues. […] L’école c’est indispensable, mais il y a bien d’autres milieux pour apprendre une langue.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

„Une langue, c’est un miroir. C’est-à-dire que, si vous apprenez une langue sans continuer à apprendre votre propre langue, vous n’allez jamais progresser dans la langue étrangère que vous apprenez. Il faut sans cesse cet effet miroir.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

„Moi je crois, qu’il faut sortir de l’idée d’une langue parfaite. […] [L’objectif] c’est communiquer.“ (Laurent Toulouse)

Vocabulaire

Source: Larousse Dictionaires (https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/)

apprendre quelque chose sur le tas (expression) =  Apprendre sur le lieu même du travail.

; tas (nom masculin) = Accumulation, amoncellement de choses, matériau ramassé sur lui-même.

composite (adjectif) = Qui est formé d’éléments divers et peu homogènes ; mêlé, disparate, hétéroclite.

globish (nom masculin) = Forme rudimentaire de l’anglo-américain.

immédiateté (nom féminin) = Caractère d’une relation immédiate.

;immédiate (adjectif) = Qui se produit dans l’instant même, ou doit se produire sans délai.

malentendu (nom masculin) = Fait de se méprendre sur quelque chose, en particulier sur le sens d’une parole, d’un mot.

mimétisme (nom masculin) = Reproduction machinale, inconsciente, de gestes et d’attitudes des gens de l’entourage.

préalable (adjectif) = Qui précède ou doit précéder quelque chose auquel il est lié.

renoncement (nom masculin) = Action de renoncer à quelque chose, de cesser de rechercher ce à quoi on tenait, de s’en détacher.

réticence (nom féminin) =

• Omission volontaire de ce qu’on devrait dire.
• Attitude de quelqu’un qui hésite à dire expressément sa pensée, à donner son accord.

superficialité (nom féminin) = Caractère de ce qui est superficiel.

;superficiel,e (adjectif) = Qui est limité à la surface, qui n’affecte que la partie extérieure des corps.

translation (nom féminin) = Action par laquelle on fait passer quelque chose d’un lieu dans un autre.

vigilance (nom féminin) = Surveillance soutenue et attentive.

voie royale (expression); voie (nom féminin) = Accès à quelque chose, à un état.

;royal, royale, royaux (adjectif) = Qui atteint un haut degré de supériorité dans son genre ; souverain.

papier buvard (expression) = Papier poreux, non collé, propre à absorber l’encre fraîche.

Questions de discussion

1) Quelle est votre « langue maternelle » ?

2) Est-ce que votre « langue maternelle » se distingue émotionnellement des autres langues que vous connaissez ? Comment ?

3) Avez-vous une langue préférée ? Laquelle ? Pourquoi ?

4) Est-ce que vous vous sentez différemment quand vous parlez une autre langue ? Est-ce que votre voix change ?

5) Quelle langue se trouve où dans des différents domaines dans votre vie, par exemple, dans votre vie professionnelle ou privée, le quotidien, dans vos pensées, dans l’expression de vives émotions, … ?

6) L’école, est-elle le bon environnement pour apprendre les langues ? Oui ou non ? Qu’est-ce que vous en pensez ?

7) Comment apprenez-vous une nouvelle langue le mieux ?

8) Que pensez-vous de l’utilisation de l’anglais comme « lingua franca » ? Quels sont les avantages et quels sont les désavantages ?

9) Qu’en pensez-vous, dans quelle langue vous direz votre dernier mot ?

10) Dans quelle langue rêvez-vous ?

Quotations

„Unser Motto heißt “Land und Hand gemacht“. Das haben wir so als Slogan und das zeigt so ein bisschen die Facetten, wofür wir stehen. Land gemacht heißt das wir eben in Bio-Qualität von den Höfen aus dem Umland direkt unsere Produkte beziehen, wissen woher es kommt, wissen wer das Getreide anbaut für die Brote die wir backen, wissen wer die Tiere aufzieht, wer das Gemüse anbaut, wissen wer davon profitiert, welche Familien davon leben, wie sie es machen, wie sie ihre Böden behandeln. Wissen einfach, dass der Ursprung unserer Produkte auf dem Land liegt; Land gemacht. […] Hand gemacht eben deswegen, weil wir in unserem Restaurant alles selber herstellen.“  (Sebastian Junge)

„Wir sparen diese Begriffe ganz bewusst häufig aus [Saisonalität und Regionalität], weil ich der Meinung bin sie sind sehr inflationär genutzt und werbewirksam genutzt. Deswegen haben wir gesagt, wir nennen es Land und Hand gemacht und erklären dann, was es für uns bedeutet, wenn wir in unserer Bio-Küche das und das servieren. Weil, was bedeutet Regionalität? Das ist halt nichts definiertes. Es gibt keine Kilometeranzahl für Regionalität. Was bedeutet Saisonalität? Ich kann im Dezember saisonal eine Passionsfrucht kaufen, weil ich sag, Mensch in Peru ist gerade Passionsfrucht-Saison. Aber für uns bedeutet Saisonalität eben in der Haupterntezeit der Erdbeere zwei, drei Zentner Erdbeeren einzukochen um dann im Dezember oder Januar ein Erdbeersorbet aus dem Hut zu zaubern.“ (Sebastian Junge)

Vocabulary

Source: Duden online dictionary (www.duden.de)

General Vocabulary

Gewissenhaft (Adjektiv): mit großer Genauigkeit und Sorgfalt vorgehend

Leidenschaft, die (Nomen): große Begeisterung, ausgeprägte [auf Genuss ausgerichtete] Neigung, Passion für etwas, was man sich immer wieder zu verschaffen, was man zu besitzen sucht, für eine bestimmte Tätigkeit, der man sich mit Hingabe widmet

Nachhaltigkeit, die (Nomen): Prinzip, nach dem nicht mehr verbraucht werden darf, als jeweils nachwachsen, sich regenerieren, künftig wieder bereitgestellt werden kann

Regional (Adjektiv): eine bestimmte Region betreffend, zu ihr gehörend, auf sie beschränkt, für sie charakteristisch

Überzeugung, die (Nomen): feste, unerschütterliche [durch Nachprüfen eines Sachverhalts, durch Erfahrung gewonnene] Meinung; fester Glaube

Special Vocabulary

Bankett, das (Nomen): Festessen, Festmahl

Einmachen (Verb): in Einmachgläsern einkochen

Fermentation (Nomen): biochemisches Verfahren zur Entwicklung des Aromas in Lebens- und Genussmitteln

Haltbar (Adjektiv): (besonders von Lebensmitteln) nicht leicht verderbend; über längere Zeit genießbar bleibend

Landwirtschaft, die (Nomen): planmäßiges Betreiben von Ackerbau und Viehhaltung zum Erzeugen von tierischen und pflanzlichen Produkten

Slow Food, Slowfood, das (Nomen): auf traditionellen Herstellungsverfahren und der regionalen Küche basierendes, naturbelassenes Essen, das in Ruhe und mit Bedacht verzehrt wird

Saisonal (Adjektiv): die Saison betreffend, von ihr bedingt

Wirtschaftsgut, das (Nomen): Gut, das der Befriedigung menschlicher Bedürfnisse dient

Discussion Questions

1) Wenn es dir möglich wäre, würdest du dein eigenes Essen anbauen?

2) Wer hat aus Unternehmen, Regierungen und Verbrauchern die größte Verantwortung darüber, wie nachhaltig wir leben?

3) Glaubst du es wäre das tägliche Leben in absoluter Nachhaltigkeit zu führen?

4) Was muss sich ändern damit die Gesellschaft mehr Interesse an der Herkunft ihrer Ernährung und deren Einfluss auf die Umwelt bekommt?